Peaches
nutrition facts
Delicious and widely popular
peaches are native to China from where
they spread to rest of the world via ancient silk route. The fruits
are
botanically belongs to the genus Prunus; family of rosaeae and named
as Prunus persica.
Technically, the fruit is a
"drupe" having similar
features of the other members of the genus prunus including plums,
nectarine,
almonds
and damson.
|
|
| White-green variety peach
|
Yellow-red variety
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The plant is described as a
small, deciduous tree
that grows up to 25 to 30 feet tall and widely grown in the United
States, Europe, and china for its juicy fruits. There are many
cultivars of peaches are grown all over the world which differ in their
color, size and growing characteristics based upon their country of
origin.
Usually, the peach tree bears
numerous, almost
uniform sized fruits between May and September months. The fruit is
about the size of small apple, measuring about 7-10 cm in diameter and
weigh
about 130 g. It features velvety outer surface with longitudinal
depressions. Internally, the pulp is juicy and; depending
upon the variety, creamy yellow or whitish in color with centrally
placed single seed inside the shell. Seeds are inedible.
The fruit has sweet and tarty in taste with pleasant aroma.
Health
benefits of Peaches
-
Wonderfully delicious
peaches are low in calories and contain no saturated fats; but contain
numerous health promoting compounds, minerals and vitamins.
-
Fresh
peaches are a very good source of antioxidant vitamin C. Vitamin-C has
anti-oxidant effects and is required for connective tissue synthesis in
the body. Consumption of
foods rich in vitamin C helps body develop resistance against
infectious agents and help scavenge harmful free radicals.
-
Fresh peaches are also good
source of vitamin A
and beta carotene.
Beta carotene is a pro-vitamin which converts into vitamin A in the
body. Vitamin A is essential for
vision. It is also required for maintaining healthy mucus membranes and
skin. Consumption of natural fruits rich in vitamin A known to protect
from lung and oral cavity cancers.
-
They are rich in many vital
minerals such as potassium, fluoride and iron.
Iron is required for red blood cell formation. Fluoride is a component
of bones and teeth and is important for prevention of dental caries.
Potassium in an important component of cell and body fluids that helps
controlling heart rate and blood pressure.
-
Peaches contain many health
promoting flavonoid poly phenolic antioxidants such as lutein,
zeaxanthin and beta
cryptoxanthin. These compounds help act as protective
scavengers against oxygen-derived free radicals and reactive oxygen
species (ROS) that play a role in aging and various disease process.
See the table below for in depth analysis
of nutrients:
Peaches (Prunus
persica), Fresh, Nutritive value per 100 g.
(Source: USDA National
Nutrient data base)
| Principle |
Nutrient Value |
Percentage of
RDA |
| Energy |
39 Kcal |
2% |
| Carbohydrates |
9.54 g |
7% |
| Protein |
0.91 g |
1.5% |
| Total Fat |
0.25 g |
1% |
| Cholesterol |
0 mg |
0% |
| Dietary Fiber |
1.5 g |
4% |
| Vitamins |
|
|
| Folates |
4 mcg |
1% |
| Niacin |
0.806 mg |
5% |
| Pantothenic
acid |
0.153 mg |
3% |
| Pyridoxine |
0.025 mg |
2% |
| Riboflavin |
0.031 mg |
2.5% |
| Thiamin |
0.024 mg |
2% |
| Vitamin A |
326 IU |
11% |
| Vitamin C |
6.6 mg |
11% |
| Vitamin E |
0.73 mg |
5% |
| Vitamin K |
2.6 mcg |
2% |
| Electrolytes |
|
|
| Sodium |
0 mg |
0% |
| Potassium |
190 mg |
4% |
| Minerals |
|
|
| Calcium |
6 mg |
0.6% |
| Copper |
0.068 mg |
7.5% |
| Iron |
0.25 mg |
3% |
| Magnesium |
9 mg |
2% |
| Manganese |
0.61 mg |
3% |
| Phosphorus |
11 mg |
2% |
| Zinc |
0.17 mg |
1.5% |
| Phyto-nutrients |
|
|
| Carotene-ß |
162 mcg |
-- |
| Crypto-xanthin-ß |
67 mcg |
-- |
| Lutein-zeaxanthin |
91 mcg |
-- |
Selection
and Storage
Peaches are
available year
round but the season for fresh one is from May till October. In the
store, look for fresh ones featuring rich color and may still have a
slight whitish "bloom," indicating that they have not been over
handled. Avoid ones with excessively soft, or with cuts and bruises.
Ripe fruits yield to gentle pressure and feature sweet aroma.
Slightly hard
and mature peaches can be kept at room temperature untill they
ripen. Ripening process can be enhanced by using ethylene, similar to
the ripening
of bananas. Storage in a paper bag concentrates this gas and hastens
the process.
Ripe peaches
can be placed in
the refrigerator but should
be bring to room temperature before being eaten to enjoy their rich
flavor.
Preparation
and Serving
tips
Wash them in cold running
water just before using.
Fresh ripe peaches should be enjoyed as a whole along with skin.
Otherwise, incise
the fruit lengthwise deeply till the hard seed felt and then remove the
seed. Skin can be peeled using knife as in apples.
Here are some
serving tips:
- Peach sections are a great addition to fruit
salads.
- Fresh fruits are being used in variety of
fruit cocktails along with grapes,
pineapple,
cherry and plums.
- Peaches are being used in the preparation of
pie, desserts, jams and jellies.
- Peaches can also be used in various traditional
recipes.
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