Macadamia
nut nutrition facts
Sweet
in taste, delicious and
flavorful macadamia nut or Australian
nut is one of the popular edible
nuts
packed with notable health benefiting nutrients.
Botanically,
macadamia
belong to
the family of Proteaceae,
genus: Macadamia.
Macadamia
are native
to east coast rainforests of north eastern parts of Australia. They are
now grown widely for their sweet, crunchy nuts in many parts of the
tropical and subtropical areas of mineral rich Hawaiian islands, Middle
America, Brazil and South African regions.
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Macadamia
foliage with nuts
(Photo
courtesy by tomeppy)
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Raw
shelled and unshelled nuts
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Macadamia
trees grow to about
15 meter in height, usually reach maturity
and begin to produce fruits around the age of seven.
There
are about
seven
species of macadamia grown in their wild natural habitat however, only
two of which are edible and cultivated in the horticulture farms around
the world. Macadamia
integrifolia has a smooth shelled nut whereas Macadamia
tetraphylla
produces nuts with a rough shell.
During each
summer the tree
bears elongated chain cream white colored flower racemes. Each fruit
features 0.5 to 1 inch in diameter consisting of husk enclosing single
elliptical to conical seed or kernel. The nut has smooth or rough
outer surface depending upon the variety and has a tough shell. Inside
edible kernel is white, has smooth surface with conical shape.
Health
benefits of Macadamia nuts
-
Macadamia nuts have sweet
taste and are rich source of energy, provide about 718 cal/100 g, one
of the highest among nuts.
-
The nuts are packed with
many contain many health benefiting nutrients, minerals, antioxidants
and vitamins that are essential for optimum health.
-
100 g of macadamia provides
8.6 g of dietary fiber and good source of phytosterols and
beta-sitosterols but contains no cholesterol.
-
Macadamia are free in
gluten and,
therefore are a popular ingredient in the preparation of
gluten free food formulas. These formula preparations are in
fact healthy alternatives in people with
wheat food allergy and celiac
disease.
-
The nuts are rich source of
mono-unsaturated fatty like oleic acid (18:1) and palmitoleic acids
(16:1). Studies suggest that monounsaturated fats in the diet help to
lower total as well as LDL (bad cholesterol) and increase HDL (good
cholesterol) levels in the blood. Mediterranean diet which is rich in
dietary fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants help to
prevent coronary artery disease and strokes by favoring healthy blood
lipid profile.
-
The nuts are excellent
source of minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese and
zinc. 100 g nuts provide 3.6 mcg of selenium. Selenium is
cardio-protective and an important anti-oxidant cofactor for
glutathione peroxidase enzyme.
-
They are also rich in many
important B-complex vitamins, vital for body functions. 100 g of nuts
provide 15% of niacin, 21% of pyridoxine
(vit.B-6), 100% of thiamin,
and 12% of riboflavin.
-
The
nuts are also
containing small amounts of vitamin-C, vitamin E. Both these fat
soluble vitamins are potent anti-oxidant activities which serve to
protect cell membranes and DNA from harmful oxygen free radicals.
Sweet, refreshening macadamias are packed with essential minerals,
vitamins and heart friendly mono-unsaturated fatty acids.
See the table below for in depth analysis
of nutrients:
Macadamia nuts (Macadamia integrifolia),
Nutritional
value per 100 g.
(Source: USDA National
Nutrient data base)
| Principle |
Nutrient
Value |
Percentage
of
RDA |
| Energy |
718 Kcal |
36% |
| Carbohydrates |
13.82 g |
10.5% |
| Protein |
7.91 g |
14% |
| Total Fat |
75.77 g |
253% |
| Cholesterol |
0 mg |
0% |
| Dietary
Fiber |
8.6 g |
23% |
| Vitamins |
|
|
| Folates |
11 mcg |
3% |
| Niacin |
2.473 mg |
15% |
| Pantothenic
acid |
0.758 mg |
15% |
| Pyridoxine |
0.275 mg |
21% |
| Riboflavin |
0.162 mg |
12% |
| Thiamin |
1.195 mg |
100% |
| Vitamin A |
0 IU |
0% |
| Vitamin C |
1.2 mg |
2% |
| Vitamin E |
0.24 mg |
1.5% |
| Electrolytes |
|
|
| Sodium |
5 mg |
0% |
| Potassium |
368 mg |
8% |
| Minerals |
|
|
| Calcium |
85 mg |
8.5% |
| Copper |
0.756 mg |
84% |
| Iron |
3.69 mg |
46% |
| Magnesium |
130 mg |
32.5% |
| Manganese |
4.131 mg |
180% |
| Phosphorus |
188 mg |
27% |
| Selenium |
3.6 mcg |
6.5% |
| Zinc |
1.30 mg |
11% |
| Phyto-nutrients |
|
|
| Phyto-sterols |
116 mcg |
-- |
| β-sitosterol |
108 mcg |
-- |
Selection and
storage
Macadamia
are available in the
markets year around. In the store, many forms of macadamia nuts are
available like shelled, unshelled, salted, roasted, sweetened
etc.
Buy
whole “un shelled” or “with shell” nuts instead of processed
ones. They are generally available in the airtight sealed packs as well
as in bulk bins. Look for the nuts that feature healthy looking shell,
compact, uniform in size and feel heavy in hand. The nuts should be
free
from cracks other than the natural split, mold, and spots and free of
rancid smell.
Unshelled
or with shell
macadamia nuts can be placed in cool
dry place for several months, whereas shelled (without the shell)
kernels (nuts) should be placed inside airtight container and kept in
the refrigerator to avoid them turn rancid.
Culinary uses
Raw
whole Macadamia nuts are
generally cut
open at procesing units
using large sheller machines. Smaller nut sheller machine or hand held
pliers usually are being used for domestic purposes.
Here are some cooking tips:
-
Macadamia are usually eaten on their own by cracking them open using
nut cracker machine. They can also be enjoyed by roasting, salted or
sweetened.
- Macadamia nuts are
crunchy, yet
pleasantly sweet in taste and favorable aroma.
- Macadamia blends nicely
with sweet delicacies. Roasted and crushed macadamia often sprinkled
over salads, desserts, particularly sundaes and other ice cream based
preparations, biscuits, sweets, coated in chocolate and cakes.
- The nuts are often
sprinkled over desserts, particularly sundaes and other ice cream based
recipes.
- They are widely used in
confectionery, as an addition to biscuits, sweets and cakes.
- Macadamia butter is gluten
free and rich in protein. Can be advised in gluten sensitive
individuals in the preparation of sandwiches, salad dressings, sauces
etc…
- Macadamia oil has similar
qualities that of olive oil and imparts delicious flavor to a wide
variety of foods. It has been used in the preparations of vegetables,
seafood and meat dishes.
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